Syllabus for NEET 2024 biology
Aspirants are advised to go through the complete NEET syllabus. The NEET biology syllabus can be checked from the below-mentioned table.
NEET biology syllabus 2024 for Class 11
Unit number | Unit name | Topics |
1 | Diversity in Living World | What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification;: Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomic hierarchy; Binomial nomenclatureFive kingdom classification; salient features and classification of Monera: Protista and Fungi into major groups: Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category)Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to class level (three to five salient features and at least two examples) |
2 | Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants | Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and racemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, compositae, graminae).Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (Frog). (Brief account only) |
3 | Cell Structure and Function | Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles- structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action, classification and nomenclature of enzymesB Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance. |
4 | Plant Physiology | Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators- auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; |
5 | Human Physiology | Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes: Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function: Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation: Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and function; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, flagellar, muscular: Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction: Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis. Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves: Nervous system in humans central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system: Generation and conduction of nerve impulse;Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid. Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea), Role of hormones. as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goitre, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes. Addison’s disease).(Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief) |
NEET 2024 Biology syllabus for class 12
Unit number | Unit name | Topics |
6 | Reproduction | Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure: Development of male and female gametophytes: Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices: Pollen-Pistil interaction: Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit, Special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems: Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary: Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation: Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods. Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis: Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness). |
7 | Genetics and Evolution | Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy: Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging: DNA replication: Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation: Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon: Genome and human genome project: DNA fingerprinting, protein biosynthesis.Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence): Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution: Mechanism of evolution- Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift: Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution. |
8 | Biology and Human Welfare | Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm, dengue, chikungunya); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse,Tobacco abuseMicrobes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers. |
9 | Biotechnology and its Applications | Principles and process of Biotechnology Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, Genes therapy; Genetically modified :organisms-Bt crops: Transgenic Animals Biosafety issues-Biopiracy; and patents |
10 | Ecology and Environment | Organisms and environmentPopulation interactions-mutualism, competition..predation,Parasitism Population attributes-growth. birth rate and death rate, age distribution.Ecosystem: Pattems, components; productivity and decompositionEnergy flow: Pyramids of numbers, biomass. energyBiodiversity and its conservation: concept of Biodiversity; patterns of BiodiversityImportance of BiodiversityLoss of Biodiversity Biodiversity conservationHotspotsEndangered Organisms extinctionRed Data BookBiosphere reservesNational parks and sanctuariesSacred Groves |
Botany syllabus for NEET
The NEET Botany syllabus covers a range of topics related to the study of plants. The syllabus is divided into four main sections: Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Genetics, and Ecology. Important topics on Botany NEET UG 2024 syllabus are listed below:
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Plant Kingdom
- Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Principles of Inheritance & Variation
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- Biotechnology Principles and Processes
- Biotechnology and its Application
- Organisms and Populations
- Ecosystem
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Environmental Issues
NEET Zoology syllabus
NEET Zoology Syllabus is designed to test the depth of knowledge in zoology of the students appearing for the exam. It covers topics from basic zoology to advanced topics in zoology. Major topics on NEET Zoology syllabus 2024 are mentioned below:
- Animal Kingdom
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Excretory Products and their Elimination
- Locomotion and Movement
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
- Reproduction in Organisms
- Human Reproduction
- Reproductive Health
- Evolution
- Human Health and Disease
- Microbes in Human Welfare
Most important chapters of biology for NEET
Candidates should know the chapter-wise weightage of biology in NEET before starting the preparation for NEET. In order to get an idea about which NEET 2024 biology chapters acquire more marks, candidates can refer to the table below.
NEET Biology syllabus – Chapter-wise weightage
Chapter | Weightage out of 100 |
Diversity in Living World | 14% |
Cell Structure and Function | 5% |
Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants | 9% |
Plant Physiology | 6% |
Human Physiology | 20% |
Reproduction | 9% |
Genetics and Evolution | 18% |
Biotechnology and Its Applications | 3% |
Biology and Human Welfare | 4% |
Ecology and environment | 12% |
NEET Biology syllabus 2024- Important topics
Candidates can refer to the important topics of biology for cracking the NEET exam 2024. Candidates should focus more on the below-mentioned important total biology chapters for NEET UG 2024 as it has been prepared on the basis of weightage and the frequency of questions over the years.
Class 11: Important topic of Biology for NEET 2024 preparation
Plant Kingdom
- Types of algae and their pigments
- General characters of pteridophytes and gymnosperms
Biological classification
- General features of Monera, Protista, Fungi
Structural organization in plants and animals
- Root, stem, and leaf anatomy
- Animals’ tissues and their functions, specifically epithelial tissues
Cell: Structure & Functions
- Mycoplasma, nucleus, chromosomes, ribosomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria
- Meiosis – Prophase I
Plant physiology
- C3, C4 cycle
- Kranz anatomy
- Glycolysis and Krebs cycle
- ETS complexes
- Photoperiodism
- Transpiration pull
- Bulk movement in Phloem
- Mineral deficiency & Nitrogen cycle
Animal/Human Physiology
- All topics specifically diagrams are very important
Class 12: Biology important topic for NEET preparation
Reproduction
- Gametogenesis in plants
- Gametogenesis in humans
- Reproductive structures in plants and animals
- Polyembryony, Parthenocarpy, apomixis
- Menstrual cycle
Genetics & evolution
- Dihybrid cross, linkage
- Codominance
- Pedigree analysis
- Genetic disorders
- Darwinism and natural selection
- Human evolution
Biotechnology
- Process and applications
- BT cotton, RNAi, Human insulin, Gene therapy, molecular diagnostics
Biology in human welfare
- Human immunity
- AIDS, Cancer
- Drugs
Ecology and environment
- Environmental issues
- Biogeochemical cycles
- Population interactions
- Adaptations
- Succession