English Grammar – ADJECTIVE (विशेषण)
Definition (परिभाषा)
Adjective is a word which describes a noun or a pronoun.
(जो शब्द किसी संज्ञा या सर्वनाम की विशेषता बताता है, उसे विशेषण (Adjective) कहते हैं।)
Important Rule (महत्वपूर्ण नियम)
🔹 English Adjectives never change according to gender, number or case of the noun.
(अंग्रेज़ी में विशेषण लिंग, वचन या कारक के अनुसार नहीं बदलते।)
Examples (उदाहरण)
- The building is big.
(मकान बड़ा है।) - Rohan is tall.
(रोहन लंबा है।) - The dress is beautiful.
(ड्रेस सुंदर है।)
Types of Adjectives (विशेषण के प्रकार)
English Grammar में चार प्रकार के Adjectives होते हैं—
- Qualitative Adjective (गुणवाचक विशेषण)
- Quantitative Adjective (परिमाणवाचक विशेषण)
- Numeral Adjective (संख्यावाचक विशेषण)
- Demonstrative Adjective (सर्वनामिक विशेषण)
1. Qualitative Adjective (गुणवाचक विशेषण)
Definition:
The adjectives which describe the quality, kind or nature of a noun are called Qualitative Adjectives.
(जो शब्द संज्ञा के गुण, प्रकार या स्वभाव को बताते हैं, वे गुणवाचक विशेषण कहलाते हैं।)
Examples
- Good (अच्छा)
- Bad (बुरा)
- Honest (ईमानदार)
Types of Qualitative Adjectives
(a) Shape / Size – आकारबोधक विशेषण
(जो शब्द आकार या आकार-प्रकार बताते हैं।)
Examples:
- Tall (लंबा)
- Small (छोटा)
- Round (गोल)
(b) Place / Origin – स्थानबोधक विशेषण
(जो शब्द स्थान या मूल स्थान बताते हैं।)
Examples:
- Indian (भारतीय)
- Japanese (जापानी)
- Upper (ऊपरी), Lower (निचला)
(c) Colour – रंगबोधक विशेषण
(जो शब्द रंग बताते हैं।)
Examples:
- Red (लाल)
- Yellow (पीला)
- Black (काला)
- Blue (नीला)
(d) Taste / Smell – स्वाद या गंध बोधक विशेषण
(जो शब्द स्वाद या गंध बताते हैं।)
Examples:
- Sweet (मीठा)
- Tasteless (बेस्वाद)
- Fragrant (सुगंधित)
2. Quantitative Adjective (परिमाणवाचक विशेषण)
Definition:
The adjectives which show the quantity or amount of a noun are called Quantitative Adjectives.
(जो शब्द संज्ञा की मात्रा या परिमाण बताते हैं, उन्हें परिमाणवाचक विशेषण कहते हैं।)
Examples
- Two kilograms (दो किलोग्राम)
- Five litres (पाँच लीटर)
Types of Quantitative Adjectives
(a) Definite Quantitative Adjective
(निश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण)
Examples:
- Ten kilograms (दस किलोग्राम)
- Hundred metres (सौ मीटर)
(b) Indefinite Quantitative Adjective
(अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण)
Examples:
- Some (कुछ)
- Much (अधिक – अगणनीय)
- Many (अनेक – गणनीय)
3. Numeral Adjective (संख्यावाचक विशेषण)
Definition:
The adjectives which show the number or order of a noun are called Numeral Adjectives.
(जो शब्द संज्ञा की संख्या या क्रम बताते हैं, वे संख्यावाचक विशेषण कहलाते हैं।)
Examples
- I have two apples.
(मेरे पास दो सेब हैं।) - Seeta has four sisters.
(सीता की चार बहनें हैं।)
Types of Numeral Adjectives
(a) Definite Numeral Adjective
(निश्चित संख्यावाचक विशेषण)
Examples:
- One, Two, Three
- First (पहला), Second (दूसरा), Third (तीसरा)
(b) Indefinite Numeral Adjective
(अनिश्चित संख्यावाचक विशेषण)
Examples:
- Many (अनेक)
- Few (कम)
- Several (कई)
4. Demonstrative Adjective (सर्वनामिक विशेषण)
Definition:
The adjectives which point out a particular noun are called Demonstrative Adjectives.
(जो शब्द किसी विशेष संज्ञा की ओर संकेत करते हैं, वे सर्वनामिक विशेषण कहलाते हैं।)
Common Demonstrative Adjectives
- This (यह)
- That (वह)
- These (ये)
- Those (वे)
- My (मेरा), Your (आपका)
Examples
- My book is new.
(मेरी पुस्तक नई है।) - Your bag is upstairs.
(आपका सामान ऊपर है।) - This pen is mine.
(यह पेन मेरा है।)
ADJECTIVE – 50 MCQs (Competitive Exam Pattern)
A. Identification of Adjective (Q1–10)
1. Identify the adjective in the sentence:
She has a beautiful dress.
A. She
B. has
C. beautiful
D. dress
✅ Answer: C
2. Which word is an adjective?
A. Quickly
B. Beauty
C. Honest
D. Honesty
✅ Answer: C
3. ‘Gold ring’ – ‘Gold’ is a —
A. Noun
B. Adjective
C. Pronoun
D. Verb
✅ Answer: B
4. Which sentence contains a Qualitative Adjective?
A. I have two pens
B. This book is mine
C. He is a brave soldier
D. These are books
✅ Answer: C
5. Identify the adjective:
The sky is blue.
A. sky
B. is
C. blue
D. the
✅ Answer: C
6. Which is NOT an adjective?
A. Tall
B. Few
C. Quickly
D. Red
✅ Answer: C
7. ‘Indian culture is rich.’
‘Indian’ is a —
A. Proper noun
B. Qualitative adjective
C. Demonstrative adjective
D. Pronoun
✅ Answer: B
8. Which word describes quantity?
A. Honest
B. Tall
C. Much
D. Blue
✅ Answer: C
9. ‘This pen is costly.’
‘This’ is a —
A. Pronoun
B. Adjective
C. Noun
D. Verb
✅ Answer: B
10. Which word is an adjective in “He bought five books”?
A. He
B. bought
C. five
D. books
✅ Answer: C
B. Types of Adjectives (Q11–25)
11. ‘Few students were present.’
‘Few’ is —
A. Qualitative adjective
B. Quantitative adjective
C. Numeral adjective
D. Demonstrative adjective
✅ Answer: B
12. ‘First prize was given to him.’
‘First’ is —
A. Quantitative
B. Demonstrative
C. Numeral
D. Qualitative
✅ Answer: C
13. ‘Those boys are clever.’
‘Those’ is —
A. Pronoun
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Qualitative adjective
D. Numeral adjective
✅ Answer: B
14. ‘She has enough money.’
‘Enough’ is —
A. Numeral adjective
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Quantitative adjective
D. Qualitative adjective
✅ Answer: C
15. ‘Red roses are beautiful.’
‘Red’ is —
A. Colour adjective
B. Numeral adjective
C. Quantitative adjective
D. Demonstrative adjective
✅ Answer: A
16. ‘Several mistakes were found.’
‘Several’ is —
A. Definite numeral
B. Indefinite numeral
C. Demonstrative
D. Qualitative
✅ Answer: B
17. ‘My house is big.’
‘My’ is —
A. Possessive pronoun
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Qualitative adjective
D. Numeral adjective
✅ Answer: B
18. ‘He drank little water.’
‘Little’ is —
A. Qualitative
B. Quantitative
C. Numeral
D. Demonstrative
✅ Answer: B
19. ‘Third chapter is easy.’
‘Third’ is —
A. Definite numeral adjective
B. Indefinite numeral adjective
C. Quantitative adjective
D. Qualitative adjective
✅ Answer: A
20. ‘Such people are rare.’
‘Such’ is —
A. Qualitative adjective
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Quantitative adjective
D. Numeral adjective
✅ Answer: B
21. ‘He has many friends.’
‘Many’ is used with —
A. Uncountable nouns
B. Proper nouns
C. Countable nouns
D. Abstract nouns
✅ Answer: C
22. ‘Much time is wasted.’
‘Much’ is used with —
A. Countable nouns
B. Uncountable nouns
C. Proper nouns
D. Collective nouns
✅ Answer: B
23. ‘Each student must obey rules.’
‘Each’ is —
A. Qualitative adjective
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Distributive adjective
D. Quantitative adjective
✅ Answer: C
24. ‘These flowers are fresh.’
‘These’ points to —
A. Number
B. Quantity
C. Quality
D. Nearness
✅ Answer: D
25. ‘Every boy was punished.’
‘Every’ is —
A. Distributive adjective
B. Quantitative adjective
C. Numeral adjective
D. Qualitative adjective
✅ Answer: A
C. Degree of Comparison (Q26–40)
26. Positive degree of ‘better’ is —
A. Best
B. Good
C. Well
D. Better
✅ Answer: B
27. Comparative degree of ‘tall’ —
A. Tallest
B. More tall
C. Taller
D. Very tall
✅ Answer: C
28. Superlative degree of ‘good’ —
A. Better
B. Best
C. Goodest
D. More good
✅ Answer: B
29. ‘He is the ___ boy in the class.’
A. taller
B. tall
C. tallest
D. very tall
✅ Answer: C
30. Comparative of ‘bad’ —
A. Badder
B. Worse
C. Worst
D. More bad
✅ Answer: B
31. Superlative of ‘little’ (quantity) —
A. Less
B. Least
C. Littlest
D. Little
✅ Answer: B
32. ‘This book is ___ than that one.’
A. best
B. good
C. better
D. well
✅ Answer: C
33. Positive degree of ‘most intelligent’ —
A. Intelligent
B. More intelligent
C. Very intelligent
D. Much intelligent
✅ Answer: A
34. ‘No other city is ___ than Delhi.’
A. big
B. bigger
C. biggest
D. very big
✅ Answer: B
35. Superlative degree of ‘far’ (distance) —
A. Further
B. Farthest
C. Far
D. Foremost
✅ Answer: B
36. ‘He is as ___ as his brother.’
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. more tall
✅ Answer: A
37. Comparative of ‘many’ —
A. More
B. Most
C. Much
D. Many
✅ Answer: A
38. Superlative of ‘old’ (age) —
A. Oldest
B. Elder
C. Eldest
D. Older
✅ Answer: C
39. ‘This is the ___ movie I have ever seen.’
A. interesting
B. more interesting
C. most interesting
D. very interesting
✅ Answer: C
40. ‘She is ___ than her sister.’
A. beautiful
B. most beautiful
C. more beautiful
D. very beautiful
✅ Answer: C
D. Error Spotting (Q41–50)
41. She is more wiser than her brother.
A. She
B. is
C. more wiser
D. than
✅ Answer: C
42. He is the most tallest boy in the class.
A. He
B. most tallest
C. boy
D. class
✅ Answer: B
43. This is a very unique idea.
A. This
B. very
C. unique
D. idea
✅ Answer: B
44. She is elder than me.
A. She
B. elder
C. than
D. me
✅ Answer: B
45. He is as stronger as his friend.
A. He
B. as stronger as
C. his
D. friend
✅ Answer: B
46. This is the bestest solution.
A. This
B. is
C. bestest
D. solution
✅ Answer: C
47. She is senior than me.
A. She
B. is
C. senior than
D. me
✅ Answer: C
48. This pen is more cheaper than that.
A. This
B. more cheaper
C. than
D. that
✅ Answer: B
49. Ram is the most honest than Mohan.
A. Ram
B. most honest
C. than
D. Mohan
✅ Answer: C
50. He is very much intelligent.
A. He
B. very much
C. intelligent
D. —
✅ Answer: B