English Grammar – ADVERB (क्रिया-विशेषण)

Definition (परिभाषा)

Adverb is a word or a group of words that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
It tells when, where, how, how much, or how often an action is done.

(जो शब्द क्रिया, विशेषण या अन्य क्रिया-विशेषण की विशेषता बताते हैं, उन्हें क्रिया-विशेषण (Adverb) कहते हैं।
यह बताता है कि कार्य कब, कहाँ, कैसे, कितनी मात्रा में या कितनी बार हुआ।)

Important Points (महत्वपूर्ण बातें)

🔹 Many adverbs end with -ly, but all -ly words are not adverbs.
(अनेक क्रिया-विशेषण -ly से समाप्त होते हैं, लेकिन सभी -ly शब्द adverb नहीं होते।)

🔹 Some words can be adjective or adverb according to their use in a sentence.
(कुछ शब्द वाक्य में प्रयोग के अनुसार विशेषण या क्रिया-विशेषण हो सकते हैं।)

Example:

• He works hard. (Adverb)
• It is a hard task. (Adjective)

Examples of Adverbs (उदाहरण)

1. Robin is always hungry for success.
   (रॉबिन हमेशा सफलता के लिए भूखा रहता है।)
2. I love her very much.
   (मैं उससे बहुत अधिक प्रेम करता हूँ।)
3. He is running fast.
   (वह तेज़ दौड़ रहा है।)
4. Alex works hard.
   (एलेक्स मेहनत करता है।)
5. He wrote that willingly.
   (उसने वह स्वेच्छा से लिखा।)

Adverb Clause and Adverb Phrase

Adverb Clause (क्रिया-विशेषण उपवाक्य)

A group of words having a subject and a verb, which modifies the main verb.

(ऐसा उपवाक्य जिसमें subject और verb हों तथा जो मुख्य क्रिया की विशेषता बताए।)

Example:

• He ran toward the bus until he was tired.
  (वह बस की ओर दौड़ा जब तक वह थक नहीं गया।)

Adverb Phrase (क्रिया-विशेषण वाक्यांश)

A group of words without subject and verb that acts as an adverb.

(ऐसा शब्द-समूह जिसमें subject और verb न हों, परन्तु जो क्रिया-विशेषण का कार्य करे।)

Examples:

• He came carrying his box with two hands.
• We were panicked without any reason.

Types of Adverbs (क्रिया-विशेषण के प्रकार)

मुख्य रूप से Adverbs के छः प्रकार होते हैं—

1. Conjunctive Adverbs
2. Sentence Adverbs
3. Adverbs of Time / Frequency
4. Adverbs of Place / Direction
5. Adverbs of Degree
6. Adverbs of Manner

1. Conjunctive Adverbs (संयोजक क्रिया-विशेषण)

A conjunctive adverb joins independent clauses and shows relation between ideas.
(यह स्वतंत्र वाक्यों को जोड़ता है और उनके बीच संबंध बताता है।)

Common Words:
However, therefore, nonetheless, consequently, moreover

Examples:

• It rained last night. Nonetheless, the match was not cancelled.
• We are confused; however, the umpires may come.
• There was a drought; consequently, crops failed.

2. Sentence Adverbs (वाक्य-सूचक क्रिया-विशेषण)

A sentence adverb modifies the entire sentence and usually comes at the beginning.

(यह पूरे वाक्य की विशेषता बताता है और प्रायः वाक्य के प्रारंभ में आता है।)

Examples:

• Hopefully, we will win the match.
• Apparently, the sky is cloudy.
• Certainly, I did not plan to come.

3. Adverbs of Time / Frequency (काल / आवृत्ति सूचक)

They answer the question When? / How often?
(यह बताते हैं कि कार्य कब या कितनी बार हुआ।)

Common Words:
Always, never, often, yesterday, now, occasionally, on Monday, at 10 AM

Examples:

• I went to school late yesterday.
• He always gets good marks.
• I will leave on Monday.
• He smokes occasionally.

4. Adverbs of Place / Direction (स्थान / दिशा सूचक)

They answer the question Where?
(यह बताते हैं कि कार्य कहाँ हुआ।)

Common Words:
Here, there, outside, inside, across, through, upstairs, in the field

Examples:

• I went through the jungle.
• He plays in the field.
• She is staying at my home.

5. Adverbs of Degree (परिमाण / मात्रा सूचक)

They answer the question How much? / To what extent?
(यह कार्य की मात्रा या स्तर बताते हैं।)

Common Words:
Very, completely, nearly, thoroughly, so, hardly, much

Examples:

• She completely forgot the date.
• I read the book thoroughly.
• I am so excited.
• Robin hardly studies.

6. Adverbs of Manner (रीति सूचक)

They answer the question How?
(यह बताते हैं कि कार्य किस प्रकार हुआ।)

Common Words:
Carefully, quickly, equally, nicely, beautifully, patiently

Examples:

• Divide the prizes equally.
• Handle the camera carefully.
• He is running fast.

ADVERB – 50 MCQs (School + Competitive Exams)

A. Identification of Adverb (Q1–10)

1. Identify the adverb in the sentence:
He runs fast.
A. He
B. runs
C. fast
D. —
✅ Answer: C

2. Which word is an adverb?
A. Beauty
B. Honest
C. Slowly
D. Kind
✅ Answer: C

3. ‘She speaks very politely.’
The adverb is —
A. speaks
B. very
C. politely
D. she
✅ Answer: C

4. Identify the adverb:
I will come tomorrow.
A. will
B. come
C. tomorrow
D. I
✅ Answer: C

5. Which word modifies the verb?
A. Book
B. Quickly
C. Blue
D. Honest
✅ Answer: B

6. ‘Alex works hard.’
The word ‘hard’ is —
A. Noun
B. Adjective
C. Adverb
D. Pronoun
✅ Answer: C

7. Which sentence contains an adverb?
A. She is tall
B. He is a boy
C. She sings sweetly
D. This is a pen
✅ Answer: C

8. Identify the adverb:
They are here.
A. they
B. are
C. here
D. —
✅ Answer: C

9. Which word answers the question “How?”
A. Yesterday
B. There
C. Carefully
D. Often
✅ Answer: C

10. Which is NOT an adverb?
A. Very
B. Often
C. Friendly
D. Slowly
✅ Answer: C

B. Types of Adverbs (Q11–25)

11. ‘He always speaks the truth.’
‘Always’ is an adverb of —
A. Place
B. Manner
C. Time/Frequency
D. Degree
✅ Answer: C

12. ‘She lives nearby.’
‘Nearby’ is an adverb of —
A. Time
B. Place
C. Manner
D. Degree
✅ Answer: B

13. ‘The work is completely done.’
‘Completely’ is an adverb of —
A. Manner
B. Time
C. Degree
D. Place
✅ Answer: C

14. ‘He spoke politely.’
‘Politely’ is an adverb of —
A. Place
B. Time
C. Degree
D. Manner
✅ Answer: D

15. ‘I met him yesterday.’
‘Yesterday’ is an adverb of —
A. Manner
B. Place
C. Time
D. Degree
✅ Answer: C

16. ‘She hardly studies.’
‘Hardly’ shows —
A. Time
B. Degree
C. Manner
D. Place
✅ Answer: B

17. ‘The child went outside.’
‘Outside’ is an adverb of —
A. Place
B. Manner
C. Degree
D. Time
✅ Answer: A

18. ‘He works very carefully.’
‘Very’ is an adverb of —
A. Manner
B. Time
C. Degree
D. Place
✅ Answer: C

19. ‘Hopefully, we will succeed.’
‘Hopefully’ is a —
A. Adverb of manner
B. Conjunctive adverb
C. Sentence adverb
D. Adverb of degree
✅ Answer: C

20. ‘It was raining; however, we continued.’
‘However’ is a —
A. Sentence adverb
B. Conjunctive adverb
C. Adverb of manner
D. Adverb of degree
✅ Answer: B

21. ‘He looked everywhere.’
‘Everywhere’ is an adverb of —
A. Time
B. Place
C. Degree
D. Manner
✅ Answer: B

22. ‘She seldom comes here.’
‘Seldom’ is an adverb of —
A. Manner
B. Time/Frequency
C. Place
D. Degree
✅ Answer: B

23. ‘The train arrived late.’
‘Late’ is an adverb of —
A. Place
B. Degree
C. Time
D. Manner
✅ Answer: C

24. ‘He walked upstairs.’
‘Upstairs’ is an adverb of —
A. Time
B. Manner
C. Place
D. Degree
✅ Answer: C

25. ‘She almost finished the work.’
‘Almost’ is an adverb of —
A. Time
B. Place
C. Degree
D. Manner
✅ Answer: C

C. Adverb vs Adjective (Q26–35)

26. ‘He is a fast runner.’
‘Fast’ is a —
A. Adverb
B. Adjective
C. Verb
D. Noun
✅ Answer: B

27. ‘He runs fast.’
‘Fast’ is a —
A. Adjective
B. Noun
C. Verb
D. Adverb
✅ Answer: D

28. Which word is used as an adjective?
A. Carefully
B. Slowly
C. Friendly
D. Quickly
✅ Answer: C

29. ‘She is very careful.’
‘Very’ modifies —
A. Noun
B. Verb
C. Adjective
D. Pronoun
✅ Answer: C

30. ‘He behaved badly.’
‘Badly’ modifies —
A. Noun
B. Verb
C. Adjective
D. Pronoun
✅ Answer: B

31. Which sentence is correct?
A. She sings beautiful
B. She sings beautifully
C. She beautiful sings
D. She sings beauty
✅ Answer: B

32. Which word is an adverb here?
‘It is too hot today.’
A. hot
B. today
C. too
D. it
✅ Answer: C

33. ‘He is doing well.’
‘Well’ is —
A. Adjective
B. Adverb
C. Noun
D. Verb
✅ Answer: B

34. ‘She looks happy.’
‘Happy’ is —
A. Adverb
B. Adjective
C. Noun
D. Verb
✅ Answer: B

35. Which word can be both adjective and adverb?
A. Slowly
B. Carefully
C. Hard
D. Quickly
✅ Answer: C

D. Error Spotting (Q36–50)

36. She speaks very politelyly.
A. She
B. speaks
C. very
D. politelyly
✅ Answer: D

37. He reached home safely yesterday night.
A. reached
B. safely
C. yesterday night
D. home
✅ Answer: C

38. She did the work very good.
A. did
B. work
C. very
D. good
✅ Answer: D

39. He hardly works hard.
A. He
B. hardly
C. works
D. hard
✅ Answer: B

40. She runs more faster than me.
A. runs
B. more faster
C. than
D. me
✅ Answer: B

41. I will call you lately.
A. will
B. call
C. you
D. lately
✅ Answer: D

42. He is too much intelligent.
A. He
B. too much
C. intelligent
D. —
✅ Answer: B

43. She speaks English fluent.
A. speaks
B. English
C. fluent
D. —
✅ Answer: C

44. He reached early in the morning yesterday.
A. reached
B. early
C. in the morning
D. yesterday
✅ Answer: B

45. She almost has finished the work.
A. almost
B. has finished
C. the
D. work
✅ Answer: A

46. He behaved very rudelyly with elders.
A. behaved
B. very
C. rudelyly
D. elders
✅ Answer: C

47. She never hardly studies.
A. She
B. never
C. hardly
D. studies
✅ Answer: C

48. He walked slow towards the door.
A. walked
B. slow
C. towards
D. door
✅ Answer: B

49. She sings more beautifully than her sister.
A. sings
B. more beautifully
C. than
D. sister
✅ Answer: B

50. The train arrived very late yesterday night.
A. arrived
B. very
C. late
D. yesterday night
✅ Answer: D